2.4. 部署¶
你可以将构建好的结果复制到任何你喜欢的、可以在线提供内容的地方。此外，d2lbook 提供了两种部署构建结果的方式：通过 Github 部署或通过 AWS 部署。
2.4.1. 通过 Github 部署¶
Github Pages 允许我们通过一个 Github 仓库来托管网站。为此，我们首先需要创建一个 Github 仓库，例如我们为本示例创建了 d2l-ai/d2l-book-deploy-demo。然后在 Settings -> GitHub Pages 中启用从 master 分支提供服务。你会得到一个访问它的 URL。在本例中是 d2l-ai.github.io/d2l-book-deploy-demo。你可以在 README.md 中添加任何内容，这些内容不会显示在网站上。
图 2.4.1 在 Github 上启用从 master 分支提供服务¶
现在让我们创建一个项目，并指定 [deploy] github_repo，然后同时构建 HTML 和 PDF。你会看到大量的日志信息，这要归功于 LaTeX，更确切地说是 xelatex。
!mkdir -p deploy
%%writefile deploy/index.md
# Deploying Demo for d2lbook
This is a demo to deploy on Github.
````toc
get_started
````
Writing deploy/index.md
%%writefile deploy/get_started.md
# Getting Started
Please first install my favorite package `numpy`.
Writing deploy/get_started.md
%%writefile deploy/config.ini
[project]
name = deply-demo
[html]
header_links = PDF, https://https://d2l-ai.github.io/d2l-book-deploy-demo/deply-demo.pdf, fas fa-file-pdf
[deploy]
github_repo = d2l-ai/d2l-book-deploy-demo
Writing deploy/config.ini
!cd deploy; d2lbook build html pdf
[d2lbook:config.py:L12] INFO Load configure from config.ini [d2lbook:build.py:L147] INFO 2 notebooks are outdated [d2lbook:build.py:L149] INFO [1] ./index.md [d2lbook:build.py:L149] INFO [2] ./get_started.md [d2lbook:build.py:L153] INFO Evaluating notebooks in parallel with 8 CPU workers and 8 GPU workers [d2lbook:resource.py:L196] INFO Starting task "Evaluating ./index.md" on CPU [7] [d2lbook:resource.py:L159] INFO Status: 1 running tasks, 0 done, 1 not started [d2lbook:resource.py:L164] INFO - Task "Evaluating ./index.md" on CPU [7] is running for 00:00:00 [d2lbook:resource.py:L196] INFO Starting task "Evaluating ./get_started.md" on CPU [4] [d2lbook:resource.py:L159] INFO Status: 2 running tasks, 0 done, 0 not started [d2lbook:resource.py:L164] INFO - Task "Evaluating ./index.md" on CPU [7] is running for 00:00:02 [d2lbook:resource.py:L164] INFO - Task "Evaluating ./get_started.md" on CPU [4] is running for 00:00:00 [d2lbook:resource.py:L223] INFO Task "Evaluating ./index.md" on CPU [7] is finished in 00:00:03 [d2lbook:resource.py:L223] INFO Task "Evaluating ./get_started.md" on CPU [4] is finished in 00:00:02 [d2lbook:resource.py:L142] INFO All 2 tasks are done, sorting by runtime: [d2lbook:resource.py:L148] INFO - 00:00:02 on CPU [4] for Evaluating ./get_started.md [d2lbook:resource.py:L148] INFO - 00:00:03 on CPU [7] for Evaluating ./index.md [d2lbook:build.py:L56] INFO === Finished "d2lbook build eval" in 00:00:05 [d2lbook:build.py:L322] INFO 2 rst files are outdated [d2lbook:build.py:L324] INFO Convert _build/eval/index.ipynb to _build/rst/index.rst [d2lbook:build.py:L324] INFO Convert _build/eval/get_started.ipynb to _build/rst/get_started.rst [d2lbook:build.py:L56] INFO === Finished "d2lbook build rst" in 00:00:06 [d2lbook:build.py:L56] INFO === Finished "d2lbook build ipynb" in 00:00:00 [d2lbook:build.py:L56] INFO === Finished "d2lbook build colab" in 00:00:00 [d2lbook:build.py:L56] INFO === Finished "d2lbook build sagemaker" in 00:00:00 Running Sphinx v5.3.0 making output directory... done checking bibtex cache... out of date parsing bibtex file /home/d2l-worker/workspace/d2l-book/docs/_build/eval/user/deploy/_build/rst... WARNING: could not open bibtex file /home/d2l-worker/workspace/d2l-book/docs/_build/eval/user/deploy/_build/rst. building [mo]: targets for 0 po files that are out of date building [html]: targets for 2 source files that are out of date updating environment: [new config] 2 added, 0 changed, 0 removed looking for now-outdated files... none found pickling environment... done checking consistency... done preparing documents... done generating indices... genindex done writing additional pages... search done copying static files... done copying extra files... done dumping search index in English (code: en)... done dumping object inventory... done build succeeded, 1 warning. The HTML pages are in _build/html. [d2lbook:build.py:L56] INFO === Finished "d2lbook build html" in 00:00:07 Running Sphinx v5.3.0 making output directory... done checking bibtex cache... out of date parsing bibtex file /home/d2l-worker/workspace/d2l-book/docs/_build/eval/user/deploy/_build/rst... WARNING: could not open bibtex file /home/d2l-worker/workspace/d2l-book/docs/_build/eval/user/deploy/_build/rst. building [mo]: targets for 0 po files that are out of date building [latex]: all documents updating environment: [new config] 2 added, 0 changed, 0 removed looking for now-outdated files... none found pickling environment... done checking consistency... done processing deply-demo.tex... index get_started resolving references... done writing... done copying TeX support files... copying TeX support files... done build succeeded, 1 warning. The LaTeX files are in _build/pdf. Run 'make' in that directory to run these through (pdf)latex (use `make latexpdf' here to do that automatically). latexmk -pdf -dvi- -ps- 'deply-demo.tex' Latexmk: This is Latexmk, John Collins, 1 January 2015, version: 4.41. Latexmk: applying rule 'pdflatex'... 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要部署到 Github，你需要将你的机器的 SSH 密钥导入到 Github。否则，你可能需要输入你的账户和密码。完成后，你可以在一两分钟内在线访问结果。对于本示例，URL 是 /d2l-ai.github.io/d2l-book-deploy-demo/。
!cd deploy; d2lbook deploy html pdf
[d2lbook:config.py:L12] INFO Load configure from config.ini
Cloning into '/home/d2l-worker/workspace/d2l-book/docs/_build/eval/user/deploy/_build/github_deploy-git'...
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.
Please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.
Exception ignored in: <function GithubDeployer.__del__ at 0x7fa572cf9e50>
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/d2l-worker/miniconda3/envs/d2l-book-build/lib/python3.9/site-packages/d2lbook/deploy.py", line 106, in __del__
run_cmd(['bash', bash_fname, self.git_dir, self.config.deploy['github_repo'], self.config.project['release']])
File "/home/d2l-worker/miniconda3/envs/d2l-book-build/lib/python3.9/site-packages/d2lbook/utils.py", line 152, in run_cmd
exit(-1)
File "/home/d2l-worker/miniconda3/envs/d2l-book-build/lib/python3.9/_sitebuiltins.py", line 26, in __call__
raise SystemExit(code)
SystemExit: -1
最后，让我们清理一下工作区。
!rm -rf deploy
2.4.2. 通过 AWS 部署¶
另一个支持的选项是通过 AWS 部署。这个选项提供了更多的灵活性，但需要你了解 AWS 的基本用法。
我们推荐以下部署流程：
将结果复制到 S3。
通过使用 CloudFront 的 CDN（内容分发网络）来提供服务以减少延迟。
在 Route 53 购买并添加自定义域名。
现在让我们一步一步地完成这三个步骤。在开始之前，你需要有一个有效的 AWS 账户，并通过运行 aws configure 输入你的 AWS 访问密钥。
首先，创建一个 S3 存储桶。你可以使用目标域名作为你的存储桶名称。例如，本站部署在 book.d2l.ai，那么我们就创建了一个名为 book.d2l.ai 的存储桶。此外，在创建此存储桶时，我们需要通过 ACLs 禁用阻止公共访问（参见 图 2.4.2）并启用静态网站托管（参见 图 2.4.3）。然后你会得到一个访问此存储桶的 URL。在我们的例子中，它是 https://book.d2l.com.cn.s3-website-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/。
其次，创建一个新的 CloudFront 分发，通过指定以下选项： - 源域名：之前的 S3 URL 去掉 http://，例如 book.d2l.ai.s3-website-us-west-2.amazonaws.com - 默认根对象：index.html - [可选] 备用域名 (CNAMEs)：你的目标域名，例如 book.d2l.ai - [可选] SSL 证书：你可以在 Certificate Manager 中创建一个，然后选择它。
几分钟后，我们将获得一个域名，例如 d1y0wi2ibwmzrt.cloudfront.net。
第三，你可以在 Route 53 上购买一个域名，或者将 Route 53 的 DNS 添加到你现有的域名中。之后，创建一个“托管区”，然后创建一个 A 类型的记录集，将 CloudFront 域名作为别名目标，请参见 图 2.4.4 的示例。
完成后，在下面的 config.ini 条目中指定你的 S3 存储桶名称。
[deploy]
s3_bucket = s3://book.d2l.com.cn
每次你运行 d2lbook deploy 时，所有结果都将同步到这个存储桶并自动部署。请注意，由于我们启用了 CDN，任何新的更改可能需要一段时间才能在你的 URL（例如 https://book.d2l.com.cn）中显示。但你可以查看 S3 存储桶 URL（例如 https://book.d2l.com.cn.s3-website-us-west-2.amazonaws.com）来立即查看更改。